Chapter References

Token Economy (Third Edition) Chapter: Stable Tokens: Money with a Stable Value Volume: Money, NFTs & DeFi Publication Date: 2023

This page contains all the references to the source materials used for the research of the chapters and should also provide a reading list for those who are interested to dive deeper into the topics presented in this chapter of the book. Where possible, the links on this page will be updated on a regular basis to prevent broken links that usually emerge over time.

! THIS PAGE IS A WIP !

L. Anderson, William. “What’s Wrong with the CPI?”. Mises. Aug 01, 2001. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. mises.org/library/whats-wrong-cpi

curiousTrader. “Is MEV possible on bitcoin?”. Bitcoin Stack Exchange. Jan 18, 2022. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/111895/is-mev-possible-on-bitcoin

Benigno, Pierpaolo; M. Schilling, Linda; Uhlig, Harald. “Cryptocurrencies, currency competition, and the impossible trinity”. Journal of International Economics 136 (2022): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2022.103601

Koutsoupakis, Dimitrios. “Are stable cryptocurrencies exempted from the impossible trinity?”. Journal of Economic Studies 48, No. 8 (2021): 1480-1496. https://doi.org/10.1108/JES-06-2020-0279

Alpher, Stephen. “MakerDAO Community Approves Proposal to Place USDC in Coinbase’s Custody Platform”. Coindesk. Oct 24, 2022. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://www.coindesk.com/business/2022/10/24/makerdao-community-approves-coinbase-usdc-custody-proposal/

DiFrancesco, Ben. “How MakerDAO Survived Black Thursday”. Build Blockchain Tech. Mar 29, 2020. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://www.buildblockchain.tech/newsletter/issues/no-88-how-makerdao-survived-black-thursday

Kalinov, Valentin; Viehof, Christian. “ITSA lists RAI Stablecoin in Tokenbase”. ITSA. Month day, year. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://my.itsa.global/blog/itsa-lists-rai-stablecoin-in-tokenbase

Leifke, Robert. “RAI - An Autonomous Reserve Asset for a Decentralized Financial System”. Medium. Mar 03, 2021. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://medium.com/blockchain-at-michigan/rai-an-autonomous-reserve-asset-for-a-distributed-financial-system-e4c733d41179

Bartol, Pablo. “RAI – The Real Decentralised Semi-Stablecoin”. Staking Rewards. Sep 19, 2022. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://www.stakingrewards.com/journal/rai-decentralised-semi-stable-coin/

Palazov, Martin; Kalinov, Valentin. “DeFi Insight: Liquity Analysis”. ITSA. Month day, year. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://my.itsa.global/blog/defi-insight-liquity-analysis

Voshmgir, Shermin. “Stable Tokens & Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs)”. Medium. Jan 18, 2021. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://medium.com/token-kitchen/stable-tokens-central-bank-digital-currencies-cbdc-41c94f4b4149

Bergmann, Christoph. “Bitfinex and Tether get subpoenas from US regulators”. Bitcoin Blog. Jan 31, 2018. Accessed before May 2020. https://bitcoinblog.de/2018/01/31/bitfinex-und-tether-bekommen-vorladung-von-us-regulierern/

Byrne, Preston. “Stablecoins are doomed to fail, Part II: MakerDAO’s “DAI” stablecoin is breaking, as predicted”. Preston Byrne. Jan 11, 2018. Accessed before May 2020. https://prestonbyrne.com/2018/01/11/epicaricacy/

Boar, Codruate; Holden, Henry; Wadsworth, Amber. “Impending arrival - a sequel to the survey on central bank digital currency”. BIS Papers No. 107. Monetary and Economic Department (2020. https://www.bis.org/publ/bppdf/bispap107.pdf

Buterin, Vitalik. “SchellingCoin: A Minimal-Trust Universal Data Feed”. Ethereum Foundation Blog. Mar 28, 2014. Accessed before May 2020. https://blog.ethereum.org/2014/03/28/schellingcoin-a-minimal-trust-universal-data-feed/

Buterin, Vitalik. “The Search for a Stable Cryptocurrency”. Ethereum Foundation Blog. Nov 11, 2014. Accessed before May 2020. https://blog.ethereum.org/2014/11/11/search-stable-cryptocurrency/

W. Chohan, Usman. “Are Stable Coins Stable?”. UNSW Business School. Critical Blockchain Research Initiative (CBRI). Discussion Paper Series: Notes on the 21st Century (2019). https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3326823

De, Nikhilesh. “Tether Lawyer Admits Stablecoin Now 74% Backed by Cash and Equivalents”. CoinDesk. Apr 30, 2019. Accessed before May 2020. https://coindesk.com/tether-lawyer-confirms-stablecoin-74-percent-backed-by-cash-and-equivalents

Hochstein, Marc. “Tether Review Claims Crypto Asset Fully Backed - But There’s a Catch”. CoinDesk. Jun 20, 2018. Accessed before May 2020. https://coindesk.com/tether-review-claims-crypto-asset-fully-backed-theres-catch

Jenkinson, Gareth. “Changes to Tether’s Terms of Reserves Raises Fresh Concerns”. Cointelegraph. Mar 24, 2019. Accessed before May 2020. https://cointelegraph.com/news/changes-to-tethers-terms-of-reserves-raises-fresh-concerns

Lee, Sherman. “Explaining Stable Coins”. Forbes. Mar 12, 2018. Accessed before May 2020. https://www.forbes.com/sites/shermanlee/2018/03/12/explaining-stable-coins-the-holy-grail-of-crytpocurrency/#498839354fc6

Mulder, Ronald. “Why ‘stablecoins’ make no sense”. Medium. Feb 26, 2018. Accessed before May 2020. https://medium.com/@ronaldmulder/why-stablecoins-make-no-sense-999490b08910

Maker. “The Dai Stablecoin System Whitepaper”. Dec 18, 2017. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://makerdao.com/whitepaper/DaiDec17WP.pdf

International Consortium Of Investigative Journalists. “Offshore Leaks Database”. Sep 05, 2014. Accessed before May 2020. https://offshoreleaks.icij.org/nodes/82024464

BitMEX Research. “A brief history of Stablecoins Part 1”. BitMEX. Jul 08, 2018. Accessed before May 2020. https://blog.bitmex.com/a-brief-history-of-stablecoins-part-1/

Craig, Timothy. “Stablecoins - Everything You Need To Know”. Cryptobriefing. Oct 10, 2022. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://archive.21mil.com/stablecoins-everything-need-know/

Orcutt, Mike. “Connectivity ‘Stablecoins’ are trending, but they may ignore basic economics”. MIT Technology Review. Jun 07, 2018. Accessed before May 2020. https://technologyreview.com/s/611370/stablecoins-are-trending-but-they-may-ignore-basic-economics/

I. Orlicki, Jose. “A Stable Coin with Pro-rated Rebasement and Price Manipulation Protection”. Cornell University. Computer Science, Cryptography and Security (2017). https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1708.00157

Peng, Ting. “Turning A Crisis Into An Opportunity, China Gets One Step Closer to CBDC”. Cointelegraph. Mar 24, 2020. Accessed before May 2020. https://cointelegraph.com/news/turning-a-crisis-into-an-opportunity-china-getting-one-step-closer-to-cbdc

Purdy, Jack. “Maker (MKR) Investment Thesis”. Medium. Dec 18, 2018. Accessed before May 2020. https://medium.com/coinmonks/cryptoasset-research-maker-mkr-a0e89fccb985

Qureshi, Haseeb. “Stablecoins: designing a price-stable cryptocurrency”. Hackernoon. Feb 19, 2018. Accessed before May 2020. https://hackernoon.com/stablecoins-designing-a-price-stable-cryptocurrency-6bf24e2689e5

J. Balvers, Ronald; McDonald, Bill. “Designing a Global Digital Currency”. Oct 09, 2017. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3049000

Sams, Robert. “A Note on Cryptocurrency Stabilisation: Seigniorage Shares”. Github. Apr 28, 2015. Accessed before May 2020. https://github.com/rmsams/stablecoins/blob/master/paper.pdf

Sexer, Nathan. “State of Stablecoins, 2018”. Medium. Jul 24, 2018. Accessed before May 2020. https://media.consensys.net/the-state-of-stablecoins-2018-79ccb9988e63

Carding, Oliver. “The Rise of Stablecoins”. CoinJournal. Apr 08, 2018. Accessed before May 2020. https://coinjournal.net/the-rise-of-stablecoins/

Snider, Myles. “An Overview of Stablecoins”. Multicoin Capital. Jan 17, 2018. Accessed before May 2020. https://multicoin.capital/2018/01/17/an-overview-of-stablecoins/

Willemse, Linda. “The Future of Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC)”. Hackernoon. Feb 27, 2019. Accessed before May 2020. https://hackernoon.com/the-future-of-central-bank-digital-currency-cbdc-64797b645887

Willemse, Linda. “CBDC: 19 Countries Creating or Researching the Issuance of a Digital Decentralized Currency”. Hackernoon. Feb 12, 2019. Accessed before May 2020. https://hackernoon.com/cbcd-19-countries-creating-or-researching-the-issuance-of-a-digital-decentralized-currency-b57a609e695b

Wikipedia. “Central bank digital currency”. Jun 30, 2017. Accessed Apr 30, 2019 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_bank_digital_currency

Wikipedia. “Seigniorage”. Aug 18, 2002. Accessed Feb 20, 2019. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seigniorage

Zhang, Tao. “Central Bank Digital Currency”. International Monetary Fund. Mar 19, 2020. Accessed before May 2020. https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2020/03/19/sp031920-deputy-managing-director-tao-zhangs-keynote-address-on-central-bank-digital-currency

Wikipedia. “Quantitative easing”. Aug 16, 2022. Accessed Aug 18, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quantitative_easing&oldid=1104695775

DeFiIgnas. “State of Decentralized Stablecoins in 2022 Analysis of 25+ Projects”. Medium. Aug 23, 2022. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://medium.com/@Ignas_defi_research/state-of-decentralized-stablecoins-in-2022-analysis-of-25-projects-8fbdd458ecdd

Sam Kazemian (@samkazemian). Tweet. Aug 20, 2022. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. Describing Fei Protocol failures in the context of DeFi. https://twitter.com/samkazemian/status/1560922661387001856?s=20&t=Gp-ivmwUSEzEjbdf1FciKw

Lyn Alden (@LynAldenContact). Tweet. Nov 29, 2021. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. Describing stable token custodian power structures in relation to PoS. https://twitter.com/LynAldenContact/status/1465375630556553228?t=jb6KS8DgF29NcAw5WAdtqw&s=03

DeFiIgnas (@DeFiIgnas). Tweet. Aug 20, 2022. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. Describing Fei Protocol shutting down. https://twitter.com/DefiIgnas/status/1560794521977626624?t=gmP5OeOuCdKKXLB4Cz-U2Q&s=03

Wikipedia. “Black Wednesday”. Sep 24, 2022. Accessed Sep 29, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Black_Wednesday&oldid=1112027867

Castro, Miguel; Liskov, Barbara. “Partical Byzantine Fault Tolerance”. Proceedings of the Third Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation, New Orleans, USA (1999): http://pmg.csail.mit.edu/papers/osdi99.pdf

Dale, Brady. “This Blockchain Tosses Blocks: Naval, MetaStable Back Twist on Crypto ‘Cash’”. Coindesk. May 09, 2018. Accessed before May 2020. https://www.coindesk.com/blockchain-tosses-blocks-naval-metastable-back-twist-crypto-cash

Dale, Brady. “Libra White Paper Shows How Facebook Borrowed From Bitcoin and Ethereum”. Coindesk. Jun 18, 2019. Accessed before May 2020. https://www.coindesk.com/libra-white-paper-shows-how-facebook-borrowed-from-bitcoin-and-ethereum

Kharif, Olga. “Members of Facebook’s Libra Are Making Contingency Plans”. Bloomberg. Mar 11, 2020. Accessed before May 2020. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-03-11/members-of-facebook-s-libra-are-making-contingency-plans

Lopp, Jameson. “How Will Facebook’s Libra ‘Blockchain’ Really Work?”. Medium. Jun 18, 2019. Accessed before May 2020. https://onezero.medium.com/thoughts-on-libra-blockchain-49b8f6c26372

McConaghy, Trent. “Tokenize the Enterprise …And Melt It Into the Community. Rinse, Repeat”. Medium. Jun 06, 2017. Accessed before May 2020. https://medium.com/@trentmc0/tokenize-the-enterprise-23d51bafb536

Klondike. “Seigniorage & Elastic supply. A case study on AMPL, ESD, DSD, Basis”. Medium. Jan 29, 2021. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://klondikefinance.medium.com/seigniorage-elastic-supply-a-case-study-on-ampl-esd-dsd-basis-abdea29ef26f

Voorhees, Erik. “Shapeshift is Decentralising”. Medium. Jul 14, 2021. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://erikvoorhees.medium.com/shapeshift-is-decentralizing-639bb4c82fc8

Venkatarmakrishnan, Siddharth. “Stablecoin strife: crypto assets face calls for tougher oversight”. Financial Times. May 13, 2021. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://www.ft.com/content/e4081366-b061-4b17-bdbe-e975fcf6288d

IndustryTrends. “Top 10 Gold-Backed Cryptocurrencies to Buy and Hold for Stability”. Analytics Insight. Jul 03, 2022. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://www.analyticsinsight.net/top-10-gold-backed-cryptocurrencies-to-buy-and-hold-for-stability/

moreReese. “What Are Algorithmic Stablecoins?”. Decrypt. May 13, 2022. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://decrypt.co/resources/what-are-algorithmic-stablecoins

Tether. “Transparency Reports”. Dec 31, 2022. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://tether.to/en/transparency/#reports

Commodity Futures Trading Commission. “CFTC Orders Tether and Bitfinex to Pay Fines Totaling $42.5 Million”. No. 8450-21. Oct 15, 2021. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://www.cftc.gov/PressRoom/PressReleases/8450-21

Ostroff, Caitlin. “Judge Orders Tether to Produce Records on Stablecoin Backing”. The Wallstreet Journal. Sep 21, 2022. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://www.wsj.com/articles/judge-orders-tether-to-produce-records-on-stablecoin-backing-11663773615

Rinecker, Veronica. “DeFi expert Patrick Hansen: ‘Demand for a widely used euro stablecoin is huge’”. Cointelegraph. Jun 27, 2022. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://de.cointelegraph.com/news/patrick-hansen-in-an-interview-demand-for-a-widely-used-euro-stablecoin-is-huge?_ga=2.267839434.536426681.1664437166-1568992679.1661174715

Binance. “Setting the Record Straight: BUSD Auto-Conversion”. Binance Blog. Sep 09, 2022. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://www.binance.com/en/blog/community/setting-the-record-straight-busd-autoconversion-3351283691852643174

Atvanguard. “A Curvy DefiDollar”. Medium. Jul 19, 2020. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://medium.com/defidollar/a-curvy-defidollar-c249438c154a

K. Spencer, Michael. “Facebook Libra Backlash on Many Fronts”. Medium. Jun 19, 2019. Accessed before May 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20190623071811/https://medium.com/futuresin/facebook-libra-backlash-on-many-fronts-28fb75bf79e7

Voshmgir, Shermin. “Libra and Calibra - How Facebook is going Token Economy”. Medium. Jun 20, 2019. Accessed before May 2020. https://medium.com/crypto3conomics/libra-and-calibra-how-facebook-is-going-token-economy-b546133927

Stefan. “Algorithmic Stablecoin Project Fei Fails To Maintain Peg To US Dollar”. DC Forecasts. Apr 08, 2021. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://www.dcforecasts.com/altcoin-news/algorithmic-stablecoin-project-fei-fails-to-maintain-peg-to-us-dollar/

yyctrader. “Basis V2 : Launch Day Is Here!”. Medium. Apr 25, 2021. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://medium.com/basis-cash/basis-v2-launch-day-is-here-950900ac0a9f

Riady, Yos. “Bonding Curves Explained”. Yos Riady. Nov 10, 2018. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://yos.io/2018/11/10/bonding-curves/

Montgomery, Brianna. “Fei Bonding Curve Bug Post Mortem”. Medium. May 14, 2021. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://medium.com/fei-protocol/fei-bonding-curve-bug-post-mortem-98d2c6f271e9

ConsenSys. “Ethereum Experts Share Their Facebook Libra Insights”. Medium. Jun 28, 2019. Accessed before May 2020. https://media.consensys.net/ kauri-ethereum-experts-share-their-facebook-libra-experiences-8594b3d1239c

Cred. “Facebook’s Libra Token: What Blockchain Insiders are Saying”. Medium. Jun 19, 2019. Accessed before May 2020. https://medium.com/@ihaveCred/facebooks-libra-token-what-blockchain-insiders-are-saying-f58e42fae412

Binance. “First Look: Libra - An in-depth review of Facebook’s long-anticipated entry into cryptocurrency”. Binance Research. Jun 18, 2019. Accessed before May 2020. https://research.binance.com/en/analysis/libra

Clements, Dr. Ryan. “Built to fail: the inherent fragility of algorithmic stablecoins”. The Wake Forest Law Review. Oct 25, 2021. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. http://www.wakeforestlawreview.com/2021/10/built-to-fail-the-inherent-fragility-of-algorithmic-stablecoins/

Zheng, Jupiter. “Algorithm Stablecoin - The Holy Grail of next generation DeFi”. Hashkey Group. Month day, year. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://www.hashkey.com/en/insights/algorithm-stablecoin-the-holy-grail-of-next-generation-defi.html

Waterman, Joel. “The Separation of Money & State”. LinkedIn. Aug 12, 2021. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/separation-money-state-joel-waterman/

Kalinov, Valentin. “Algorithmic Stablecoins”. Kalinoff. Aug 10, 2021. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://blog.kalinoff.com/algorithmic-stablecoins/

Coingecko. “Stablecoins by Market Capitalization”. https://www.coingecko.com/en/categories/stablecoins

“CRE51 - Counterparty Credit Risk Overview”. Bank for International Settlements. Jan 1, 2022. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://www.bis.org/basel_framework/index.htm.

“TRON DAO reserve addresses questions regarding USDD stablecoin”. Cointelegraph. Jul 22, 2022. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://cointelegraph.com/press-releases/tron-dao-reserve-addresses-questions-regarding-usdd-stablecoinhttps://tdr.org/#/USDD

“DUSD”. DefiDollar Finance. Feb 05, 2022. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20220205173535/https://docs.dusd.finance/products/defidollar-dusd

L. Bech, Morten; Garrat, Rodney. “Central Bank Digital Currencies”. Bank for International Settlements. Sep 17, 2017. https://www.bis.org/publ/qtrpdf/r_qt1709f.htm

“Today’s Central Bank Digital Currencies Status”. CBDCTracker. https://cbdctracker.org/

“Paying for Gas in Tokens”. CELO Protocol Docs. https://docs.celo.org/protocol/transaction/erc20-transaction-fees

Stefan. “Algorithmic Stablecoin Project Fei Fails To Maintain Peg To US Dollar”. DCForecasts. Apr 08, 2021. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://www.dcforecasts.com/altcoin-news/algorithmic-stablecoin-project-fei-fails-to-maintain-peg-to-us-dollar/

Christensen, Rune. “MakerDAO Has Come Full Circle”. MakerDAO Blog. Jul 20, 2021. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://blog.makerdao.com/makerdao-has-come-full-circle/

“Top Terra Ecosystem Coins by Market Cap”. Coingecko. https://www.coingecko.com/en/categories/terra-ecosystem

Economics Design. “EP 52: Throw those 2017 notes away. This is how to understand Stable Coins in 2021”. Youtube video. Posted by “Economics Design”. May 29, 2021. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023.

Benigno, Pierpaolo; M. Schilling, Linda; Uhlig, Harald. “Cryptocurrencies, Currency Competition, and the Impossible Trinity”. Journal of International Economics. NBER International Seminar on Macroeconomics 2021, 136 (May 01, 2022): 103601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2022.103601

Koutsoupakis, Dimitrios. “Are stable cryptocurrencies exempted from impossible trinity?”. Journal of Economics Studies 48, No. 8 (Jan 01, 2020): 1480-1496. https://doi.org/10.1108/JES-06-2020-0279

Albaron Ventures. “Liquity: Decentralized Borrowing”. May 14, 2021. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://albaronventures.com/liquity-decentralized-borrowing/.

Yin, Maofan; Malkhi, Dahlia; K. Reiter, Michael; G. Gueta, Guy; Abraham, Ittai. “HotStuff: BFT Consensus in the Lens of Blockchain”. arXiv. Jul 23, 2019. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1803.05069

“Bitcoin Block 14,849”. Blockchain.com. Sep 10, 2018. Accessed before May 2020. https://blockchain.info/block-index/14849

Löber, Klaus; C.F.J Houben, Aerdt. Central Bank Digital Currencies Report Submitted by Working Groups Chaired by Klaus Löber (European Central Bank) and Aerdt Houben (Netherlands Bank). March 2018. Basel: Bank for International Settlements, 2018. https://bis.org/cpmi/publ/d174.pdf

Guitiï, Manuel. “The Challenge of Managing Global Capital Flows” (1998). Finance & Development 35, No. 2. https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/1998/06/guitian.htm#author

J. Y. Tan, Lisa. (2020). “Economics and Math of Token Engineering”. Economics Design. ISBN 9811489394,

Calibra. “Calibra: Customer Commitment”. Jul 10, 2019. Accessed before May 2020. https://www.eff.org/files/2019/07/10/calibra-customer-commitment.pdf

Fischer, Stanley. “Central Banking: The Challenges Ahead - Maintaining Price Stability”. Finance & Development (1996). https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/1996/12/pdf/fischer.pdf

M. Boughton, James. “On the Origins of the Fleming-Mundell Model” (2002). Working Paper. International Monetary Fund. Accessed between October 2022 and February 2023. https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2002/wp02107.pdf

Moreno, Ramon. “Lessons on the ‘impossible trinity’” (2012). BIS Papers No. 68. https://www.bis.org/publ/bppdf/bispap68e_rh.pdf

Obstfeld, Maurice; M. Taylor, Alan. “The Great Depression as a Watershed: International Capital Mobility over the Long Run” (1997). NBER Working Paper Series No. 5960. https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w5960/w5960.pdf

Websites & Documentation of Projects Mentioned

https://metagoldrewards.com/

Unum: https://unum.one/

https://assets.ctfassets.net/vyse88cgwfbl/2xJyKdUKicdRUWpC9buRWR/6fe2987698dbbf39b947af718d736ddb/Std_ISAE_3000R_Opinion_30-6-2022_RC134792022BD0303.pdf